Oil burner



1,624,165 p 1927' A. c. EMERSON OIL BURNER Filed March 13, 1925 1N VE N T 0R df/"ea (Q 5076/60/2 WYG Z A TTORNEY Patented Aipri 1927. i

UNITED STATES ALFRED G. EMERSON, 0F OMAHA, NEBRASKA.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed March 13, 1926. Serial No. 94,426. v

This invention relates to improvements in oil burners for hot air furnaces and heating plants generally, whether of the furnace or boiler type. 1

The objects of the invention are:

First, to provide an improved combustion chamber means and burner device for use in such connection.

Second, to provide an improved burner structure.

Third, to provide improved pilot burner arrangement.

()bjects which pertain to details of construction and operation will definitely appear from the detailed description to follow.

The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in the claims.

A structure which is a preferred embodiment of my invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing. forming a part of this application, in which:

Fig. l is a perspective view of the structure from the left side, certain parts being broken and cut away in the interest of clearness. electric and blower connections being omitted.

Fig. 2 is a reduced plan view showing the tangential arrangement of the air intake of the burner.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional elevation on line 33 of Fig. 2. the burner part being in central vertical section on the line 3-3 of Figs. 4. 5 and 6.

Fig. 4 is a front elevational view of the main burner casting detached, being taken from the left hand of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a rear elevational view of the same casting from the right hand of Fig. 2, showing the throating of the air jet aperture.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the same casting taken on line 66 of Fig. 4, showing also the corrugations of the fuel and diffusion distrihuter plates.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the diffusion distributer on line 77 of Fig. 4 and centrally through the pilot showing jet passages for the delivery of heat and flame-to the bottom fuel distributer plate 94 and details of the pilot structure.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail sectional view on line 8-8 of Fig. 2, showing the cross section form of the baffle plate.

Fig. 9 is a detail perspective view of the said bafie plate removed fromthe burner showing its corrugated surface, taken from the far side of the structure as seen in Fig. 3.

The parts of the drawing will be identified by their numerals, which identify like parts in all the views.

1 is the base casting 2 is the top casting of the same. The parts are provided with suitable ears 1 and 2 respectively and are joined by the stove bolts 22. 3 is the removable top casting ring which merely rests in place like a stovelid. This is the part which deteriorates from the combustion and it is consequently desirable that. it be very readily renewable. The top ring forms a somewhat restricted aperture for the delivery of the flame into the firepot and the combustion chamber of the heating furnace or boiler where this burner is to be used.

4 is the hollow boss-like tangentially arranged connection to the air supply. This contains at the inner end of the supply the burner parts which are removably supported therein, 5 is the overflow out-let from the burner firepot casting 1 from which is provided an overflow delivery pipe 6 leading to the usual gravity safety cut-off devices, being an automatic weight bucket, the usual appliance not necessary here to be shown.

7 is the air supply pipe, pressure to which is usually supplied by electric fan not necessary here to illustrate. 8 is the fuel oil supply pipe. 9 is the burner structure generally. 10 is the gas supply pipe for the pilot. 11 is the main battle for the burner.

The burner 9 is preferably an integral casting detachably supported in the hollow boss connection 4:. A fan-shaped corrugated diffusion distributer plate 91 extends horizontally in front of the burner, which is horizontally cup-shaped. the top open towards the burner firepot. the fuel supply being delivered centrally thereto. 1

of the burner firepot.

Beneath the inlet to the fuel supply 8 is an air nozzle aperture 92 which is throated at the back of the casting at 92 to insure a jet action of the air at this point. It is directed forwardly above and toward the main distributer plate 91. It tends to atomize the downwardly flowing fuel and facilie tates ignition and particularlyaids combustion after the burner gets into full. operation. Horizontal apertures 96 extend forwardly from the pilot chamber underneath the disis in use, assisting materially in heating the,

tributer plate 94 to initially heat the same. These could of course be omitted but they servea useful purpose in speeding up action of the device.

A bore 97 is provided for the pilot.101 on the end of the gas supply pipe. 10. The main burner casting is centrally supported by a web 98 depending from the bracket 99 which is secured in the upper part of the hollow boss connection by the stove bolt 99'. The pilot 101 is of lava or brass and is pro vided with an extended perforated burner shield 102. There are cross perforations 103 in the casting. When the air pressure is turned on, the air enters here and secures a blow torch action for the pilot under the burner, immediately heating the same, and continues that action so long as the burner distribution plate for evaporation of the liquid fuel as it passes in.

A main bafiie plate 11 is disposed in front of the burner having an angular form with the angle disposed toward the burner. It is supported on bracket 111 by stove bolt 112 in the upper part of the said hollow construction. This baflle serves to prevent too strong jet action on the walls of the combustion chamber firepot. The structure would operate Very well with the bafile omitted. Ihe baflie, however, insures very thorough mixing and is. of advantage in that behalf.

The parts of my improved structure having'been described, I will indicate briefly their operation. The gas ilot of course is burning all the time and s ould be of quite considerable size. It is thoroughly protected and at the same time fully supplied with air by the cross bars. The liquid fuel of course is cut off until the air pressure is turned on. Fuel oil and the air pressure being turned on at the same time, it will be observed that the effect of the air pressure and flow of air into the intake? is to induce jet action first to the pilot burner through the bores 103, carrying the flame therefrom forwardly against the pilot baflle 95 and filling the baflle chamber with flame.

The jets of the flame pass forwardly through the apertures 96 under the distributer plate 94and the liquid fuel dropping onto the same is at once vaporized and ig nited, and reacts to assist the pilot in heating up the entire structure. The whole burner casting soon becomes heated so that vapor is formed as soon as fuel enters. the burner, when the jet of air at 92 atomizes the same and induces a blast action to strongly heat the distributer plate 91, so that as soon as the burner is in full operation the heat of the plate 91 is suflicient to vaporize and gasify the fuel which is supphedwith suflicient air for proper combustion through the air supply pi e 7. Vaporized fuel and air strike the ba s 11 and are further thoroughly mixed and jet action against the side of the firepot is lessened and the whole passes with a whirling motion,

into the burner firepot where combustion is completed and a large white flame delivered a very essential part of my improved burner isthe cup part with the distributer plate 91 and the jet of air delivering to the same. This can be preheated in any suitable way to get it into operation but the particular "means I have shown is especially desirable and advantageous and specially reacts in that behalf. The combustion chamber firepot might be otherwise constructed. I prefer to arrange the same so that the flame from the burnerhead delivers tangentially into the same, as it improves the mixture. Various modifications of the structure will be apparent to any one skilled in the art.

desire to claim the specific structure shown and the particular combination of devices, and I also wish to claim the invention broadly as pointed out in 'the appended claims. p Having thus described my invention, what I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber, an air passage communicating therewith through a hollow tangentially-dis posed connection, a burner head in said hollow connection portion centrally disposed to permit the flow of air past the same, comprising a fuel pipe with a cup-shaped delivery part for the fuel opening forwardly and a horizontally disposed corrugated main distributer plate beneath, said cup being provided with a forwardly-directed air jet opening formed through the said burner delivery specified.

2. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber, an air passage communicating therewith through a hollow tangentially-disposed connection, a burner head in said hollow connection portion centrally disposed to permit the flow of air past the same, comprising a'fuel pipe with a cup-shaped delivery part for the fuel opening forwardly and ahorizontally disposed main distributer plate beneath, said cup being'provided with a forwardly-directed air jet opening formed through the said burner delivery part, a pilot chamber beneath the said distributer plate with an auxiliary distributer plate parallel with and beneath the main distributer plate, a pilot battle in front of said pilot burner with passages directing flame beneath the auxiliary distributer plate, and a pilot burner with a perforated exten sion shield disposed beneath the fueLoil delivery. coacting as specified.

3. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber, an air passage communicating therewith through a hollow tangentially-disposed connection, a burner head in said hollow connection portion centrally-disposed to permit the flow of air past 'the same, comprising of a fuel pipe with a cup-shaped delivery part for the fuel open ing forwardly and a horizontally disposed main distributer plate beneath. said cup being provided with a forwardly directed air jet opening formed through the vsaid burner delivery part, a pilot chamber beneath the'said d' ributer plate with an auxiliary distri ter plate parallel with and beneath the main distributer plate, and a pilot burner with a perforated extension shield disposed beneath the fuel oil delivery, coacting as specified,

4. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber, an air passage communicating therewith through a hollow tangentiallydisposed connection, a burner head in said hollow connection portion centrally disposed to permit the flow of air past the same, comprising a fuel pipe with a cup-shaped delivery part for the fuel opening forwardly and a horizontally disposed main distributer plate beneath, said cup being provided with a forwardly-directed air jet opening formed through the said burher delivery part, a pilot chamber beneath the said distributer plate with an auxiliary distributer plate parallel with and beneath the main distributer plate, and a pilot burner, coacting as specified.

5. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber. an an passage communicating therewith through a hollow tangentiallydisposed connection, a burner headin said hollow connection portion centrally disposed to permit the flow of air past the same, comprising a fuel pipe with a cup-shaped delivery part for the fuel opening forwardly and a horizontallydisposed'main distributeiplate beneath said cup being provided with a forwardly-directed air jet opening formed through the said burner delivery part. a pilot chamber beneath the said distributer plate, a pilotbaflle in front of said pilot burner with passages directing flame beneath the auxiliary distributer plate, and

a'. pilot burner with a perforated extension shield disposed beneath the fuel oil delivery, coacting as specified.

6. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber, an air passage communicating therewith through a hollow tangentiallydisposed connection, a burner'head in said hollow connection portion centrally disposed to permit the flow of air past the same, comprising a fuel pipe with a cup-shaped delivery part for the fuel opening forwardly and ahorizontally disposed main distributer plate beneath, said cup being provided with a forwardly-directed air jet-opening formed through the said burner delivery part, a. pilot chamber beneath the said distributer plate, and a pilot burner with a perforated extension shield disposed beneath the fuel oil delivery, coacting as specified.

7. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber, an air passage communicating therewith through a hollow tangentiallydisposed connection, a burnerhead in said hollow connection portion centrally disposed to permit the flow of air past the same, comprising a fuel pipe with a cup-shaped delivery part for the fuel opening forwardly and a hoizontally disposed main distributer plate beneath, said cup being provided with a forwardly-directed air jet opening formed through the said burner delivery part, a pilot chamber beneath the said distributer plate, and a pilot burner, coacting as specified,

8. An oil burner" comprising a combustion chamber. an air passage communicating therewith through a hollow tangentiallydisposed connection, a burner head in said hollow connection portion centrally disposed to permit the flow of air pastthe same, comprising a fuel pipe 9. cup=shaped delivery part for the fuel opening forwardly and a horizontally disposed main distributer plate beneath, said cup being provided with a forwardly directed air jet opening formed through the said burner delivery part,and a pilot light beneath said distributer plate to heat the same, coacting' as'specified.

9. An oil burner comprising a combustion chamber, an. air passage communicating therewith through a hollow tangentially disposed connection, a burner head in said hollow connection portion centrally disposed to permit the How ofairpast the same, coma distributer plate to heat the same, coacting as specified,

In witness whereof I have hereunto hand.

set my ALFRED o. EMERSON.- 

